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The cable gland is one of the extremely practical connecting parts, usually used for installing and connecting various types of cables to electronic equipment such as electrical panels. In many wiring projects, these parts can establish strong connections between cables and the mentioned equipment. In terms of manufacturing material, they are made in polymer or plastic as well as metal types. They have various sizings and can support all cross-sections of various types of cables and flexible conduits.
The main objectives of using these parts are to create a completely safe connection between electrical cables and junction boxes and electrical panels. By using a flexible cable gland, the connection points can be protected from all external events such as vibration, the application of tensile forces, and similar cases. In addition, using an explosion-proof cable gland provides conditions for the connection points to be completely sealed, so environmental factors such as moisture, dust, and flammable gases cannot enter the electrical cable connection points and the inside of junction boxes. In this article, we intend to discuss this valuable connecting part and its other features and advantages in detail.
What Is a Cable Gland?
An electrical cable gland is a mechanical connector with a circular cross-section that can be used for safe connection to electrical equipment, junction boxes, and electrical panels. By fully securing the cable, this part prevents the entry of dust, moisture, water, and flammable gases and can prevent tensile pressure on the cables. With this part, there is no longer a risk of cable tearing, especially at the connection point.
Electrical cable glands are manufactured in various materials, including plastic, brass, and steel, to provide cable securing with very high safety. With glands, the penetration of external factors (dust, moisture, chemicals) into the panel or junction box is prevented. The sizing of these glands is selected based on the cable diameter, and with the professional support they provide, they can prevent common failures of electrical connections.
Various Sizes of Cable Glands
As mentioned, cable glands have very diverse sizings, each suitable for supporting a specific cable size. In general, these parts have nominal sizes PG7, PG9, PG11, PG13.5, PG16, PG21, PG29, PG36, PG42, PG48, and PG63. Each of these sizes is suitable for a specific diameter of electrical cables. For example, you cannot use size 16 of these parts instead of size 21, as they have no size compatibility with each other. However, the main question is: what dimensions of cables are the mentioned sizes suitable for, and more precisely, what dimensional range of cables can they support?
For the mentioned nominal sizes, in order from small to large, the suitable cable sizes include 3 to 6.5 mm, 4 to 8, 5 to 10, 6 to 12, 10 to 14, 13 to 18, 18 to 25, 22 to 32, 30 to 38, 34 to 44, and 42 to 54. As a completely simple example, the nominal size PG7 gland can only support cables with a size of 3 to 6.5 mm. Also, the PG63 type can support cables with a size of 42 to 54 mm. The other mentioned types are exactly like this example as well.
Types of Cable Glands Available in the Market
The purpose of using a cable gland is to create a secure connection at the end of the cable in various devices, including equipment, distribution boxes, panels, and various lighting and electrical enclosures. These products have a wide variety, and each should be used according to the wiring needs. Below, we mention the types of these products available in the market.
۱. Plastic Gland with PG Thread Standard (PPG)
One of the types of products available in the market under the name of gland is the plastic gland with PG thread standard. This type of product has 11 different sizes, named PHG7 to PG63. Each of the sizings of these products covers its own specific cables. In this type of product, stress-relieved nylon is combined with self-extinguishing polyamide 6 to have high resistance to ignition and heat.
The PPG plastic gland has 5 different parts: the securing nut, sealing washer, body and claw, cable protection washer, and cover. The material of the sealing washer and cable protection washer in this type of gland is self-extinguishing and can withstand temperatures from -40 to 100 degrees Celsius.
۲. Plastic Gland with Metric Thread Standard (PMG)
The second type of gland available in the market, abbreviated as PMG, is this product. The threads of this type of gland are seen in 8 different sizes, and in each size, it is possible to use a specific type of cable with a specific diameter. This type of product also has 5 different parts, including the water washer, securing nut, body and claw, cable protection washer, and cover.
The standard of the plastic gland is metric. The temperature that these products can withstand is from -40 degrees Celsius to 100 degrees Celsius. These products have the IP68 standard and have good resistance to heat and various features.
۳. Brass Gland with PG Thread Standard (MPG)
The brass gland with PG thread standard is manufactured according to the specific German standard and has various sizings. Each sizing of these glands can cover a specific cable diameter range for its own use. To increase the resistance of the brass used, a layer of nickel plating is applied to it.
Metal glands made of brass have high resistance to ultraviolet and UV rays. The nickel coating used on them also increases their resistance to sunlight rays. These products also consist of several different parts called the sealing washer, body, cable protection washer, claw, and cover, each with its own specific features.
۴. Brass Gland with Metric Thread Standard (MMG)
This type of gland has a metric standard, but its difference from product number 2 is related to the material of this gland. The gland based on the metric standard is known by the abbreviation MMG and has a millimeter unit of measurement. This type of gland has 8 sizes and consists of 6 different parts called the securing nut, sealing washer, cable protection washer, cover, and body and claw.
The body material of these glands is nickel-plated. The washer is also made of stainless steel and self-extinguishing neoprene. Like the other introduced glands, this product also withstands temperatures from -40 to 100 degrees Celsius. High resistance to moisture and UV rays is thanks to the coating used on these products.
Advantages of Using Cable Glands
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The armored cable gland, due to its unique structure, can effectively prevent the entry of foreign materials and elements such as dust, fluids, oily substances, and also chemical compounds at the cable entry point to other equipment such as electrical panels.
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Due to the vulnerability of the cable connection point to electrical panels, these glands can prevent the entry of insects and other creatures into the connection area.
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Electrical cables establish stable connections at the highest level of safety without physical contact with the metal body of electrical panels.
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They have completely rustproof manufacturing material, and in humid environments, you should not worry about their structural damage.
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During stretching or the application of tensile force on the cables, these glands can prevent sudden disconnection in the best possible way.
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They have very numerous applications, so that some types are capable of connecting two flexible conduits to each other as well.
Manufacturing Material of These Connecting Parts
The explosion-proof cable gland, given that it can prevent direct contact of external elements such as various flammable materials at the connection points in environments with a high risk factor, is consequently known as explosion-proof. These practical parts are mostly designed and manufactured in several different materials. The materials of these parts can be plastic, stainless steel, galvanized steel, brass, or nickel- or chrome-plated brass.
Each of these differs from one another in terms of structural resistance. However, their stainless steel type has the most resistant and hardest metal, making it the most suitable option in environments with very high physical stress. However, the brass cable gland type is also used in moderate-stress environments due to the use of a softer metal. Of course, their aluminum type is also available, which has a higher hardness level compared to polymer parts.
Various Parts of These Components
These cable connecting parts are designed and manufactured from various sections, each of which fulfills a specific function. Their constituent parts include the securing nut, sealing washer, body and claw, cable protection washer, and cover. As you can see, glands are separable, and each of their small parts, overlapping with one another, can establish strong and stable connections between cables and electrical panels and other electronic equipment. Of course, this structure should not imply complex installation and connection, because these parts are mounted onto the cables in the quickest time, and you can complete the installation and connection operation without any particular complexity. The ability to provide a comprehensive seal and watertightness at the connection points is precisely due to the completely engineered design of the mentioned parts.
Price Consultation and Purchase of Various Types of Cable Fittings from Rafi Industrial Group
Rafi Industrial Group, as a leading manufacturer, offers a wide range of various types of cable fittings with different structures to dear customers. These parts are of high quality and are designed and manufactured based on defined international standards. For this reason, their quality control stages have been carried out with complete precision. You can contact our experts to receive pricing information on these products as well as other specialized consultations.
